The main structure of the power system has power source, power network and load center. Power refers to all kinds of power plants and stations, it will be converted into primary energy. Power network consists of the power of the substation, transmission lines, load center substation, distribution lines and other components. Its function is boosting the power source to rated grade sending to the load center substation, and then step down to a certain level, the distribution line and the user connection. Power system network nodes thousands of intertwined, active power, reactive power flow, high harmonics, negative sequence current at the speed of light in the whole system spread. It can deliver a lot of power, create great wealth, but also in the moment caused a major catastrophic accident. In order to ensure the safe, stable and economical operation of the system, various types of automatic control devices and communication systems must be arranged at different levels according to different requirements to form information and control subsystem. It becomes the neural network to realize the information transmission of the power system, so that the power system has observability and controllability, so as to ensure the normal operation of the energy production and consumption process and the emergency treatment in the accident state.

The power system is in the premise of ensuring the quality of power energy and achieving safe and reliable power supply. Meanwhile, it also achieve economic operation, that is, adjust the load curve, improve equipment utilization, rational use of various power resources, reduce fuel consumption, power consumption and power network losses in order to obtain the best possible economic benefits.